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The Voyage & History
The
charge for transportation was five pounds sterling for each adult and to each
of those who were unable to pay for their passage was promised twenty-five
acres of land and a suit of new clothes on the completion of four years of
service; for children under twelve years of age, fifty shillings; sucking
children free; one ton of goods, forty shillings. These have been known in
American History as "Redemptioners." Many of these passengers had
endured much suffering. After some delay, the ship sailed from the town of
Leith, September 5, 1685. We hear of no untoward event until after they had
turned the Land's End," when a fever began to prevail with virulence,
particularly among the prisoners who had been confined in the great vault of
Dunnotter. Many were sick when they came aboard, and the health of the others
was endangered by the condition of the provisions laid in by the Captain.
The meat began to putrefy and was not eatable, In a month the fever assumed a
malignant type. Few escaped its ravages, and three or four bodies were cast
overboard every day. Most of the ship's crew, except the Captain and boatswain,
died. Pitlochie, who had freighted the ship, with his lady, died likewise, and
so enjoyed nothing of the gain of nearly one hundred prisoners gifted him by
the Council, and upwards of seventy persons died at sea.
Death and unwholesome food were not the only evils the unfortunate Covenanters
had to encounter; the master of the ship was most cruel to the prisoners. Those
who were placed under deck were not allowed to go about worship, and when they
attempted it the Captain would throw down great planks of timber to disturb
them and endanger their lives. The ship sprang a leak twice, and frequent
storms added to their anxiety, After the death of Pitlochie, the prisoners fell
into the hands of John Johnstone, his son-in-law Captain Hutton began to tamper
with Mr. Johnstone, and urged him to carry the prisoners to Virginia or
Jamaica, either places presenting better opportunity for disposing of them than
New Jersey, and offered as an inducement to charge himself with the disposal of
the prisoners and to account to him for them in the productions of the country.
But the wind changed and they were forced to sail straight for New Jersey. They
landed at Perth Amboy, New Jersey, in the middle of December, 1685, having been
about fifteen weeks at sea.. Before going ashore, Johnstone endeavored to stop
them by urging them to sign an agreement to serve four years at that place in
consideration of the expense incurred by the departed Scot. This they would not
agree to, but joined in another protest against their banishment and recounted
their harsh treatment during the voyage. When they came ashore, the people who
lived on the coast and had not the gospel preached to them, were inhospitable
and showed them no kindness. A little way up in the country, however, there was
a town (supposed to be Woodbridge), and a minister settled, and the inhabitants
were very kind to them. When they learned who the prisoners were and their
circumstances, they invited all who were able to travel to come and live with
them, and sent horses far the rest, and entertained them freely and liberally
that winter. In the following spring, John Johnstone pursued them and had them
all cited before a legal tribunal of the Province. Alter hearing both sides,
the Governor called a jury to sit and cognosce upon the affair, who found that
the pannels had not of their own accord come to that ship, nor bargained with
Pitlochie for money or service, and therefore, according to the laws of the country,
they were assoiled. Those who had so agreed had their suits come before the
Court of Common Rights, and Captain Hutton was remunerated. The prisoners then
scattered throughout Eastern Pennsylvania, New York and Connecticut, where they
were kindly entertained and found employment according to their different
trades. At different times the persecuted Covenanters were banished to New
Jersey, Delaware and South Carolina, but in the latter part of the seventeenth
century this cruelty ceased. At this time no organized society of Covenanters
has an existence in New Jersey.
Leith,
Scotland to Perth Amboy, New Jersey
December 1685
Ship "Henry and Francis" of New
Castle, departed from the port of Leith, September 5, 1685, arrived at Perth
Amboy, New Jersey, in the middle of December, 1685. Three hundred and fifty
tons, twenty great guns, Richard Hutton, master.
Perth Amboy. In 1685, George Scot, Laird of Pitlochie, was given his liberty in
Scotland provided he transported to East Jersey many of the Covenanters who had
refused to take the oath of allegiance to a tyrannical and profligate ruler.
Thus authorized, he proceeded to gather his company from those confined in the
tolbooth of Leith. He had to give security to land them there prior to
September, 1686, and the penalty was to be five hundred merks in case of
failure in any instance. In May, 1685, Scot chartered the Henry and Francis of
New Castle, a ship of three hundred and fifty tons and twenty great guns, with
Richard Hutton as master.
On the eve of their banishment, twenty-eight of them signed the following
conjunct testimony; bearing:
"That, now to leave their own native and Covenanted land by an unjust
sentence of banishment for owning truth and. standing by duty, studying to keep
their Covenants engagements and baptismal vows, whereby they stand obliged to
resist and testify against all that is contrary to the Word of God and their
Covenants; and that their sentence of banishment
ran chiefly because they refused the oath of allegiance which in conscience
they could not take, because in so doing they thought utterly declined the Lord
Jesus Christ from having any power in His own house, and practically would; by
taking it, sat, "He was not King and Head of His Church and over them
consciences. And, on the contrary, this was to take and put in His room a man
whose breath is in his nostrils; yea, a man who is a sworn enemy to religion;
an avowed papist, whom, by our Covenants; we are bound to withstand and disown,
and that agreeably to Scripture: When thou art come unto the land which the
Lord thy God giveth thee, and shalt possess it, and shalt dwell therein, and
shalt say, I will set a King over me, like as all the nations that are about
me, thou shalt in any wise set him King over thee, whom the Lord thy God shalt
choose: one from among thy brethren shalt thou set King over thee: thou mayest
not set a stranger over thee, which is not thy brother. Deut. 17: 14-15. They
then bore their testimony against the defections of the day, and for preaching
in the fields and homes, and then signed their names.
source and credit: https://www.immigrantships.net/v5/1600v5/henryandfrancis16851200.html
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